本帖最后由 LJQC 于 2013-6-13 15:03 编辑
3. Intercept Flow, Targeting, and Sorting Plans.
3.1 Targeting and Sorting Definitions.
• Targeting is the process of assigning fighters responsibility for groups. These responsibilities may include supporting BVR missile shots, completing electronic identification (EID), measuring highly accurate target heading direction, or preparing to engage and VID. A fighter who is targeted to a group is said to “own” the group. If another fighter sorts into the group to assist the owner, that fighter is said to “share” the group. These two fighters are collectively called the owner and the sharer.
• Sorting is the process of determining the “inner-group picture”, establishing track files on the appropriate contacts, and (if applicable) allocating the owner and sharer radars within the group.
3.2 BVR Employment Flow. In general, if ROE, ID criteria, and weapons load allow BVR missile employment, F-16 intercept flow makes little effort at concealment. The flight lead will allocate radars as appropriate to ensure mission success. Depending on the tactical situation, this may include targeting only his radar or using the wingman’s radar as well to maximize enemy destruction. The wingmen’s radar may be assigned to take long-range missile shots, or complete EID functions on partially identified groups. Flight leads may stay in search until MTR, watching the entire picture “mature”, assuring there are no untargeted groups, and generally striving to ensure fighter survival. If any new groups are detected, Flight leads target and/or update intercept flow as required. When the leading edge of the picture reaches MTR, and no additional groups have been detected, flight leads will ensure leading edge destruction by either targeting the lead group, sorting other contacts in the lead group or continue searching if all contacts in the leading edge are engaged. The fighters may either launch and leave or continue flowing to the merge based on the tactical situation and the flight leader’s decisions.
3.3 Intercept Responsibilities. This section is divided into three parts; wingman responsibilities, flight/element lead responsibilities, and group owner responsibilities. Wingman and flight lead responsibilities are always in force. Group owner responsibilities exist in addition to basic flight lead and wingman responsibilities. Remember that group ownership has nothing to do with deconfliction contracts and in no way relieves SFs of their basic responsibility to deconflict.【对ACM职责的注释参见http://bbs.3gofly.com/thread-209343-1-1.html】
3.3.1 Wingmen’s Responsibilities. The flight lead has a great many critical decisions to make throughout this process. The wingman’s job is relatively simple:
• Stay visual! Never forget your flight path deconfliction duties. Nothing will hurt the team more than forcing your flight lead to take critical time away from primary duties to perform the “housekeeping” task of reorienting or deconflicting from a blind wingman.
• Fly the briefed formation, so the flight lead can stay visual on you. Your flight lead is probably not watching you as much as you are watching your flight lead.
• Search your assigned radar AOR. Listen to the picture and report any factor groups not previously reported by C2 or other flight members.
• Target the group you are told to target. This is a listening exercise. Know the targeting plan, listen to the picture, and keep your radar cursor oriented over the group you anticipate targeting.
3.3.2 Flight Lead Responsibilities.
3.3.2.1 Targeting and Radar Allocation. Second, the flight lead is responsible for targeting the picture and allocating radars. In deciding who will target and/or lock, the flight lead must weigh the importance of sanitizing the airspace for undetected groups, the importance of fighter-radar-quality-track fidelity (high fidelity) information, and weapons employment. Sanitization is most important outside of minimum targeting range (MTR) since all factor groups need to be detected by this range. The general concept is that when a radar is targeted, sanitizing the airspace outside of MTR falls to the untargeted element mate. Flight leads must directively swap searches for their wingmen in cases where the element leads are targeted to ensure the airspace within targeting depth (TD)/factor range (FR)/shot depth (SD) is sanitized.
3.3.2.2 Intercept Time Line. Third, flight leads are responsible for maintaining an appropriate intercept time line for effective tactics execution. This time line includes radar bracket ranges, element fan and/or bracket ranges, pump ranges, outs, aborts, decision range (DR), notch range (NR), shot doctrine and timing, minimum shot range (MSR), targeting ranges (TR/MTR), and skate/short skate. This intercept time line is briefed for the specific scenario and mission of the day based on factors such as level of risk or possibility of gaining full declarations IAW the ROE and is the primary means of maintaining the appropriate level of survivability and lethality.
3.3.2.3 Formation Position and Responsibilities. Fourth, the flight lead is responsible for knowing the element mate's formation position during the intercept and flying the aircraft to ease the wingman's workload during task-intensive points of the intercept. Extra attention should be placed on wingman position during the following critical times:
• During shots (regardless of who is shooting).
• Stabilizing the formation while attempting to gain declarations.
• Offsetting the formation for SSO or four-ship radar bracket.
• Directing wingman to target.
• Directing wingmen to sort.
• Directing fan/bracket geometry.
• At out/abort/notch/decision range.
• At anytime before picking up the supporting role.
3.3.2.4 Direct Flight/Element Flow and Reforms. Finally, the flight lead must be able to direct tactically sound element and flight flows, reforms, and resets. An element's flow may change many times throughout the course of the intercept. For instance, Number Three may direct a crank in a specific direction only to have the targeted group maneuver outside of WEZs and/or shot doctrine. The element lead may then recognize the picture is changing, assess whether the element's radars are targeted correctly (and fix the targeting if they are not) and finally update the element flow to help the Number One element. The successful flight lead will always assess picture, targeting, and flow throughout the course of the intercept to influence the overall lethality and survivability of the flight.
3.3.3 Group Owner Responsibilities.
• Radar Mechanics. Once targeted, the owner is responsible for executing the proper radar mechanics. If ROE allows the owner must take BVR shots IAW the shot doctrine and ROE. If the group has an incomplete ID owner is responsible for upgrading the ID. The owner is responsible for maintaining high fidelity information on the owned group and communicating position, inner-group picture, maneuvers, leans, and track direction IAW briefed contracts.
• Maintain Situational Awareness on the Intercept Time Line. Once targeted, the owner is responsible for maintaining SA on the intercept time line for the targeted group. The wingman must understand the flight lead's plan for flight and element flow enough to know when to be executing the tactic the flight lead wishes to execute (e.g., lock range, shot doctrine, minimum shot range, etc.). |